I don't know if it is linked to diabetes, I think it is pretty common nowadays with or without diabetes. From your job and hobbies, it does sound pretty much linked to carpa. However, your GP should be able to refer you to hospital where they can attach some electrode things to your fingers to measure how bad it is before deciding whether it is bad enough to operate on. Other than that wearing the splints at night from the pharmacy can ease things a little.
I can remember the pins and needles, but can also vividly remembering chronic pain before getting them operated on. Best see GP rather than listening to us, just to make sure. As there are still other diseases that it could be.......