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Eating Saturated Fat doesn't increase fats in blood
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<blockquote data-quote="phoenix" data-source="post: 686358" data-attributes="member: 12578"><p>..[USER=97664]@jack412[/USER]</p><p>The APO genes that are involved in the production of the protein bit of the lipoprotein <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein" target="_blank"> </a></p><p>These genes have various common variants .</p><p></p><p>APO E is one that is most often mentioned, The 3 common variants code for different amino acid at two places so the final protein has slightly different properties.</p><p>E3 is the most common allele , E2 and E4 the others</p><p>Since you have 2 chromosomes (one from each parent ,you can have 6 genotypes .</p><p>E2/E2, E3/E3, E4/E4</p><p>E2/E3, E2/E4 or E4/E3</p><p> These particular two alleles said to be 'co dominant ' or perhaps blending ie they interact together so the amount of the protein produced is dependent upon on the particular combination you have</p><p> I won't go into detail of why but E2 and E4 have opposing effects, E2 leads to a decreased in cholesterol and increase in trigs. E3 is normal and leads to 'normal' cholesterol levels, E4 leads to higher total cholesterol, ldl and trigs.</p><p>People with some combinations of alleles may have more propensity to higher levels of total cholesterol., LDL or Trigs Some trials suggest that E4 carriers have a higher susceptibility to saturated fat..</p><p>This is what the European Epic trial found for the levels of cholesterol in the different genotypes</p><p>[ATTACH]8404[/ATTACH]</p><p>.The epic trial (around 22,000 subjects using diet diaries). Unlike other trials** they didn't find, in general, that different phenotypes responded very differently to increasing sat fat or fibre or un sat fat, (ie all phenotypes had higher levels with increased sat fat and lower with increased fibre and un sat fat) .</p><p> However these effects of diet were doubled in those with the E2/E4 combination but people with this genotype constituted only 3% of the population (so may still be due to chance, research with even bigger groups needed! )</p><p>The alleles are present in different proportions in the population depending on ethnicity.</p><p>chart here: <a href="http://www.gbhealthwatch.com/GND-High-Cholesterol-APOE.php" target="_blank">http://www.gbhealthwatch.com/GND-High-Cholesterol-APOE.php</a></p><p>**.Lots of detail <a href="https://www.lipidcenter.com/pdf/Apo_Ev2.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.lipidcenter.com/pdf/Apo_Ev2.pdf</a></p><p>there are other genes though</p><p>APO C2 inherited mutations associated with high trigs. This is recessive ie problems arise when you are homozygous inheriting a mutation from both parents. (one could have been a sufferer and the other a carrier(heterozygous) or both could have been carriers )</p><p><a href="http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOC2" target="_blank">http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOC2</a></p><p>APO B (mutations in this one may cause familial hypercholesterolemia; ie a condition that can result in really high cholesterol and heart attacks even in childhood) It may be that some common variants (as distinct from mutations) are associated with higher than normal cholesterol and heart disease</p><p><a href="http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOB" target="_blank">http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOB</a></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="phoenix, post: 686358, member: 12578"] ..[USER=97664]@jack412[/USER] The APO genes that are involved in the production of the protein bit of the lipoprotein [URL='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein'] [/URL] These genes have various common variants . APO E is one that is most often mentioned, The 3 common variants code for different amino acid at two places so the final protein has slightly different properties. E3 is the most common allele , E2 and E4 the others Since you have 2 chromosomes (one from each parent ,you can have 6 genotypes . E2/E2, E3/E3, E4/E4 E2/E3, E2/E4 or E4/E3 These particular two alleles said to be 'co dominant ' or perhaps blending ie they interact together so the amount of the protein produced is dependent upon on the particular combination you have I won't go into detail of why but E2 and E4 have opposing effects, E2 leads to a decreased in cholesterol and increase in trigs. E3 is normal and leads to 'normal' cholesterol levels, E4 leads to higher total cholesterol, ldl and trigs. People with some combinations of alleles may have more propensity to higher levels of total cholesterol., LDL or Trigs Some trials suggest that E4 carriers have a higher susceptibility to saturated fat.. This is what the European Epic trial found for the levels of cholesterol in the different genotypes [ATTACH]8404[/ATTACH] .The epic trial (around 22,000 subjects using diet diaries). Unlike other trials** they didn't find, in general, that different phenotypes responded very differently to increasing sat fat or fibre or un sat fat, (ie all phenotypes had higher levels with increased sat fat and lower with increased fibre and un sat fat) . However these effects of diet were doubled in those with the E2/E4 combination but people with this genotype constituted only 3% of the population (so may still be due to chance, research with even bigger groups needed! ) The alleles are present in different proportions in the population depending on ethnicity. chart here: [url]http://www.gbhealthwatch.com/GND-High-Cholesterol-APOE.php[/url] **.Lots of detail [url]https://www.lipidcenter.com/pdf/Apo_Ev2.pdf[/url] there are other genes though APO C2 inherited mutations associated with high trigs. This is recessive ie problems arise when you are homozygous inheriting a mutation from both parents. (one could have been a sufferer and the other a carrier(heterozygous) or both could have been carriers ) [url]http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOC2[/url] APO B (mutations in this one may cause familial hypercholesterolemia; ie a condition that can result in really high cholesterol and heart attacks even in childhood) It may be that some common variants (as distinct from mutations) are associated with higher than normal cholesterol and heart disease [url]http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOB[/url] [/QUOTE]
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