I think it should be possible to explain what background retinopathy is .Here from DUK.
The earliest visible change to the retina is known as background retinopathy.
The capillaries (small blood vessels) in the retina become blocked, they may bulge slightly (microaneurysm) and may leak blood (haemorrhages) or fluid (exudates).
It may remain stable and some people are told on subsequent visits that there is no evidence of it on future examinations.
Background retinopathy causes no problems to vision but it can progress and may need treatment . This happens when weak blood vessels grow from these already damaged vessels and these in turn bleed (proliferative retinopathy) There can also be a problem when there is a lot of retinopathy in the central area of sight (maculopathy)
That there are measures people can take to reduce the risk of progression
Basically a summary of this page:http://medweb.bham.ac.uk/easdec/back_diabetic_retinopathy.html
main things to be aware of
glucose levels, tends to occur after period of poor control (gradual reduction if high )
Nevertheless, there are people who appear to develop retinopathy with relatively low levels
(
I'd include this because I've seen people say it happens, we don't know if there were high levels for a long time before diagnosis and even on Xyzzys graph there are a small number of people developing it with quite low HbA1cs.)
diet: veggies, oily fish, low salt, fibre, healthy fats (controversy over sat fat on here)
weight
smoking stark figure that 20 a day triples/quadruples retinopathy
exercise
BP control (particularly that docs may use ACES/ARBs as these are thought to protect against retinopathy/nephropathy
cholesterol control(bit of controversy on here that one!)
pregnancy ?????
or as we started is it better just to link to the Good Hope site?