I am seeing significant short-term insulin resistance caused by stress, either emotional (e.g., workplace) or physical (response to exercise).
I'm a 46-year-old male who has had Type 1 diabetes for 26 years. I have used an insulin pump with various rapid-acting insulins (e.g., Humalog) for 20 years, and have used a Dexcom continuous glucose monitor for about a year and a half. In the last 5 years my control has gotten progressively worse, since starting a new career. Six months ago an acquaintance gave me a book, "Dr. Bernstein's Diabetes Solution". Its central tenet is to reduce carbohydrate consumption to a bare minimum (Bernstein describes this as "switching to protein as your source of carbohydrate"), and thus minimize insulin bolus amounts.
This has dramatically reduced the greatest sources of errors in my blood sugar control: glucose intake from complex carbohydrates and insulin boluses to compensate. It has also laid bare the effects of stress on my metabolism.
Instead of a dawn phenomenon, the dominant trend I see now is the "get up in the morning and go to work phenomenon". After consuming less than 5 grams total carbohydrate at breakfast, my blood sugar starts to climb about an hour after breakfast and an hour before leaving home for work. I do adjust the basal rate to try to compensate and usually take correction boluses, but they only serve to limit how high I get (usually to the 150 - 250 mg/dl, 10.0 - 13.0 mmol/L range). I have to be very careful, because around 11 AM the blood sugar starts to decline. If I have taken too much corrective insulin, it will plunge. This rarely happens on weekends or during vacations. Similar effects are seen after cardiovascular exercise (even without work stress). Especially stressful periods at work magnify the problem.
My theory is that stress hormones (cortisol, norepinephrine, possibly others) cause short-term insulin resistance in my system. I can take enough insulin to saturate the working insulin receptors; the rest of the receptors are somehow disabled and unused insulin circulates freely in my bloodstream until the stress hormones wear off. Then the disabled insulin receptors are re-activated and the free insulin goes to work.
I have talked with my endocrinologist about this and searched for articles online, but have found very little information about it; this thread is one of the few hits. I'm trying to find a method to follow to reduce the blood sugar rise by computing a correction dose that will bring it down correctly without taking me too low. I would be very interested in comparing notes with others who have encountered this phenomenon.