There are multiple forms of Neuropathy related to Diabetes. Peripheral Neuropathy relates to the nerves in the bodies extremities, hands, feet, legs.
Autonomic Neuropathy is where the nerves of the autonomic nervous system are affected, such as the Vagus nerve that manages the stomach's action. Damage here causes Gastroparesis.
In relation to the heart there is a specific form of Neuropathy known as Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy. A case paper can be found here
http://m.care.diabetesjournals.org/content/33/2/434.extract
They are all related to prolonged periods of high glucose levels.
Peripheral Neuropathy does not in itself lead to CAN. CAN occurs in parallel and separately, however there are studies that show an association between peripheral and cardiac neuropathy such as this one
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/507216/