So my typical 4 day test plan looks like this, I tend to do this once every six months just to make sure I am still ok:
Day 1: Wake up and don't eat anything until 12:00.. I just drink water (or diet drink with no carbs in)... from the time you get up through to 12:00 test every hour.. you should not see more than a 1.0 mmol/l between the highest and lowest readings..
So 'stable' blood glucose will look something like this:
7:00 - 5.0 mmol/l, 8:00 - 5.2 mmol/l, 9:00 - 4.6 mmol/l, 10:00 - 5.4 mmol/l, 11:00 - 4.9 mmol/l, 12:00 - 5.1 mmol/l
'unstable' blood glucose will look something like this:
7:00 - 5.4 mmol/l. 8:00 - 5.0 mmol/l, 9:00 - 4.1 mmol/l, 10:00 4.6 mmol/l, 11:00 - 4.2 mmol/l, 12:00 - 3.8 mmol/l
Generally if your blood glucose is 'unstable' then you will see a trend up or down..
Day 2: Wake up and eat as usual... (make sure you then leave 5 hours post any rapid injection for breakfast).. better eat a no carb breakfast like omelet. At 13:00 begin your hourly tests and run through until 18:00
Day 3: Breakfast and Lunch as usual.. and then at 19:00 start the hourly tests and run through until 12:00
Day 4: Eat during the day as usual and run hourly tests overnight..
What you should end up with is a 'flat' profile where over the day you have no more than a +1 mmol/l change in blood glucose.. if this is the case then your background is correct...
If you have a trend of downwards blood glucose then you are injecting to much, and upwards means to little..
Some people will find that the background doesn't last the whole 24 hours and therefore they get a spike towards the end of the action.. this is normally resolved by spiting the dose so say 1/2 @ 8pm and 1/2 @ 8am... you can keep doing the fasting checks and changing the ratio's until you get it exactly right..
This is A LOT of work and many people don't want to go to the effort but it is totally worth it... once your background insulin is right diabetes is that much less challenging..