There is a lot of things that could be tested with urine but if I was going to guess at one routine thing and it was your endocrinologist, it would be protein in urine. In one of the practices I went to, however, they would dip this test strip into the sample provided and it had about a dozen different little things on that one test strip. So it is kind of impossible to know unless you say what test strip got dipped into your sample. Even then, some tests done in urine, if they come up high or low, they retest with serum (blood)
They even just plain look at the urine. See this article
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_urine_tests