General Questions for a newly diagnosed Type 1

Jingaling

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Type of diabetes
Type 1
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Insulin
i ended up not drinking, i had a big carb meal ( lasagna and chips ) with 10 units of insulin at around 4.30pm and at 8 pm when i was out my levels were 20.. didn't really understand why they were so high so i didn't think it was wise to drink

main goal this week is to do an hours exercise a day, ive a week off work so i want to get out and try and see how it effects me. i havent really done anything physical since starting my treatment. how long after a meal would people recommend going ? i would only be going for a walk nothing major
 

CheeseSeaker

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i ended up not drinking, i had a big carb meal ( lasagna and chips ) with 10 units of insulin at around 4.30pm and at 8 pm when i was out my levels were 20.. didn't really understand why they were so high so i didn't think it was wise to drink
So thats quite a high carb meal (but everything is possible to handle more or less), and the fat in it makes odd stuff happen too.

For fatty foods with carbs mixed in (chips, pizza, pasta) the fat slow the absorption of carbs down, so you get an initial carb hit, followed by carbs rising over the next 5 or so hours as you break down the fat.

Insulin (effectively) works for 4 hours, so if you counted the carbs (I'm guessing as you'll need to know what your ratio is, and roughly how much carbs you've eaten) in this example 120g (chips plus pasta) and your IC ratio (how much insulin it takes to bring your BG down by 1 point - say 1unit to 10g as a starting point) you'd inject 12 units (just an example - you need your own figures).

However - as its a fatty food - this might mean you need 6u up front, and 6 units in 2 hours or so to cover the long digestion.

main goal this week is to do an hours exercise a day, ive a week off work so i want to get out and try and see how it effects me. i havent really done anything physical since starting my treatment. how long after a meal would people recommend going ? i would only be going for a walk nothing major

For exercise - its a bit of trial and error - take snacks with you (slow and fast acting, so glucose tablets and a couple of chocolate snack bars) in case you need them.

I usually find walking is fine, but as the distance creeps up I burn carbs and my BG drops - so snack once you see your BG start to drop (say 10-20g of carbs).

If it drops quickly - hit it with a few glucose tabs (fastest acting carbs you can eat), but watch for it dropping again after as glucose is in-and-burnt quite quickly (no slow digestion)
 

In Response

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3,488
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Insulin (effectively) works for 4 hours,
Fast acting insulin lasts for about 4 hours. Long acting insulin used for basal lasts between 12 and 36 hours depending upon the insulin.
Then there is mixed insulin but I don't have much experience/knowledge about that.
(Sorry to be pedantic but it could be confusing if you think all insulin lasts for 4 hours if you take basal once or twine a day.)
For exercise - its a bit of trial and error - take snacks with you (slow and fast acting, so glucose tablets and a couple of chocolate snack bars) in case you need them.

I usually find walking is fine, but as the distance creeps up I burn carbs and my BG drops - so snack once you see your BG start to drop (say 10-20g of carbs).

If it drops quickly - hit it with a few glucose tabs (fastest acting carbs you can eat), but watch for it dropping again after as glucose is in-and-burnt quite quickly (no slow digestion)
I agree except it depends upon your fitness. An hour of walking would have little impact for me unless I was walking fast or up a steep hill.
I would also add exercise can push BG up as well as down during the exercise. For example, my brisk hour walk would cause a drop whereas a step uphill for an hour, especially if it was windy or raining, would cause my BG to rise.

However, both could result in a lower BG for up to 48 hours.
So, @Jingaling make sure you have your hypo treatment with you throughout the night as well as when exercising.
 
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In Response

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In my experience, it is a good thing to have a walk immediately after a meal because I find that it keeps my blood glucose from going too high.
Going for a walk and doing intensive exercise are completely different things.
I would not do intensive exercise when I have fast acting insulin on board.
For example, I go to the gym, climbing wall or spin class after work before my evening meal.

Whilst a walk may stop your BG going too high, a Spin class would make my BG plummet if I had active insulin on board.

My suggestion to @Jingaling is trial and error as it depends on
- the type of exercise
- what you are eating
- your fitness
- whether you are taking the exercise into consideration when calculating the insulin for your meal

I prefer to pre-bolus to avoid the highs rather than relying on time for a walk.
But, we are all different. Hence the need for trial and error to learn how your body works rather than assuming someone else will have the body, mind and lifestyle as we do.
 
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Hi,
I have been Type 1 46 years, diagnosed as a child aged 11.
It's arguably more difficult to accept diagnosis as an adult than a child, children generally don't question things greatly and just get on with it.
For what it's worth I wouldn't have any concerns regarding anyone in my family , adult or child, being newly diagnosed .
Medical science and treatment of diabetes has advanced greatly from when I was first diagnosed in 1978.
Moving forward, it really is one step at a time so don't overwhelm yourself with negativity or thoughts that you will never get to grips with it all, or what the future may bring.
Make sure you keep all your appointments with your diabetic specialist nursing team/ consultant and don't be afraid to contact them on anything.
Good control is key obviously, and that's the real tricky bit . There are so many variables in trying to achieve good control, but perfection doesn't exist, fact .! Trust me even after 46 years I am nowhere near perfect and I doubt there's many T1s out there that will claim perfect control.
Listen and act on the professional medical advice you are given, and I am sure you will be fine.
All the best
Mark
 
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Deleted member 99312

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Thanks for the reply, so at the minute I’m on novarapid - 8 units in the morning, 6 for lunch, 10 for evening meal and 14 for the toujeou at night .. I’ve had the libre fitted in for 3 weeks now ( changed for the first time last week) been on the injections for around 6 weeks now. Doses have been given to me by the nurse but I’m hoping to move onto a more suitable regime soon… it’s difficult for me lately to know just how much carbs I need to maintain a consistent level on my glucose levels. I think the part where you said about avoiding nasty complications is what worry’s me most.. it took me a while to get my head around the fact that this is a serious illness and I think I’m still naive at how dangerous it is.

Question for everyone.. how often do you get hypo’s ?

I don't get hypos very often, maybe once a week or less. This is because I keep very tight control and rarely go over 8, so consequently I occasionally take fractionally too much insulin, and get a moderate hypo which I quickly fix.

Did they tell you to inject fixed amounts of novorapid for meals? I do worry that the NHS doesn't seem to explain things very well, or give correct advice, which is why the internet is full of newly diagnosed diabetics asking how to do things, which ought to have been explained already, but I know they often aren't.

I think you could write the information necessary to inform patients how to maintain excellent control almost all the time, on one side of a piece of A4 paper. No need for DAFNE courses or books. We each have to figure out our basal dose, and rapid insulin to carbs ratio, because it varies for all of us. And then count carbs for each meal and inject rapid insulin accordingly. Trial and error at first to figure out our ratios, and then each day test regularly, count carbs, do the maths and inject as applicable. Injecting fixed doses of rapid insulin is guaranteed to fail because it will either be too little or too much, more often than not.

There is a little more to it than that, but not much. Protein will raise your blood sugar slightly if eaten without carbs - but this isn't significant in my experience and not much more insulin is needed. Exercise or illness can raise it too, regardless of what you've eaten, so this is why we need to test regularly. Figure out how much one unit of insulin lowers your blood sugar, so you know how much to inject to correct any high. The other thing is the 'pizza effect' of eating a meal with a lot of carbs and fat, so the blood sugar can spike hours later. Personally I just avoid foods like that now, to avoid that problem.

Alcohol without carbs (ie. spirits) will tend to lower your blood sugar, so you may need to eat some carbs to avoid a hypo.

Finally, eating takeaways or other meals you haven't prepared yourself, means you will inevitably be guessing the carb content, which means you could get it very wrong. You can figure out your dose for these from trial and error (assuming you eat the same takeaways and portion sizes) or better yet, avoid those and keep good control, and avoid diabetes complications like blindness. (Don't be one of those unfortunate people who has high blood sugar for hours every day, for years, and thinks everything is fine, and then one day is surprised to be told they are going blind.)

Oh the other thing in my experience is the NHS are useless, the professionals don't know as much as they should do, and they set very low expectations for people. So you could have rather high blood sugar and they will say you are doing well, which will lull you into a false sense of security. I advise figuring it out for yourself and taking it very seriously, because nobody else is going to be there with you 24/7 and do it for you.
 
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CheeseSeaker

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Did they tell you to inject fixed amounts of novorapid for meals? I do worry that the NHS doesn't seem to explain things very well, or give correct advice, #

Sometimes our interpretation of what we're told is way-off base too - Been there over the years and now tend to read up on any advice given before I do anything about it (personal experience is different for everyone though)
I think you could write the information necessary to inform patients how to maintain excellent control almost all the time, on one side of a piece of A4 paper.
The info changes frequently (in my life term) and depends on which treatments are being followed. I have notes to control my treatment that would mean a really really small font to print it on one side of A4 :)
Figure out how much one unit of insulin lowers your blood sugar, so you know how much to inject to correct any high.
Complexity here is it depends on what your starting BG is - above 11-14 for me and i need about 1/3 as much again to achieve the same result - one calc doesn't fit all (in my experience) - some of it is trial and error, same with time of year, time of day etc etc

The other thing is the 'pizza effect' of eating a meal with a lot of carbs and fat, so the blood sugar can spike hours later. Personally I just avoid foods like that now, to avoid that problem.
I used to be the same, but now declare carbs over a period of time (pizza usually 5 hours) so I get 40% up front then 60% over the 5 hours - I can pretty much find a way to eat anything as long as its not a daft amount of carbs. Where there is a will there is a way - worked in Italy for a while to break that technique in nicely
Alcohol without carbs (ie. spirits) will tend to lower your blood sugar, so you may need to eat some carbs to avoid a hypo.
Can do with beer also - I found I'd bolus for beer and after 3-4 pints (or whatever) it would crash due to the alcohol (which is why people go for a kebab on the way home from the pub.... ;-) )

Finally, eating takeaways or other meals you haven't prepared yourself, means you will inevitably be guessing the carb content, which means you could get it very wrong.
Love my Fully Closed Loop - food 'in' and it sorts it, even unknown foods and I don't go above 12 for more than an hour - the future is on the way, but not quite here yet
Oh the other thing in my experience is the NHS are useless, the professionals don't know as much as they should do, and they set very low expectations for people.
Depends who you get - have had some brilliant NHS professionals over the years and some not so good - The good ones will listen and delve for information before helping (even if its 'off-book' and against the current recommendations.

Can't thank the DSN I had 5 years ago enough for suggesting I look at DIY looping options - outside of NHS guidelines at the time, but life changing stuff that worked for me.

Its a bit of a lottery - some good and some bad, but as you learn more, you can make decisions more about your own management - which is really what we all will end up doing to get the best results.
 
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