Dear Sally68,
The question of Chromium seems to repeatedly crop up. here is a copy of the repliy I sent some time ago to another Diabetic with a similar question. Hope it is of some help and answers your question. Incidentally I have been taking Chromium Piccolinate 200 micrograms daily since being first diagnosed a s a Type 2 since 2000 it does indeed help to lower B/G levels.
Sorry it's such a lengthy reply.
During the time period that I spent conducting my initial research into diabetes, I discovered that 85% of Type 2 diabetics have a below average level of Chromium present in their bodies at the time when their diabetes is first confirmed. This important mineral has several functions within the body, and is known to work together with Insulin to help transfer Glucose from the blood, through the cell’s membrane into body cells.
As we gradually age, we also gradually reduce the natural amount of Chromium present within our bodies, and though everything is not fully know about Chromium and how this effects the body, scientific research has already linked the declining levels of Chromium with an increased risk to the individual of their developing raised interocular eye pressure (Glaucoma) and also of developing Type 2 diabetes in their later life.
Over many years, modern farming methods of food production and in processing food have resulted in Chromium levels being progressively reduced. It has also been known for some time that Chromium supplements have a dramatic influence on the uptake of glucose from within the blood supply by assisting insulin in its body cell uptake. Following on from this, the Department of Agriculture's Human Nutrition Research Centre in the USA funded clinical research trials into the effects of Chromium on various patients, the results of which highlighted some very interesting findings.
Patients were tested initially without being given any supplements and records were taken of each patient's blood/glucose levels over a period of one month for both fasting as well as average glucose levels. The very same patients were then randomly given either a placebo, 200 micro gm of Chromium Trichloride or 200 micro gm of Chromium Picolinate to be taken daily over a further one month period.
The most remarkable results were achieved in the patients who were randomly selected to take the Chromium and who had extended glucose readings in the pre-diabetic stage. Interestingly within this group 7 out of every 8 patient who were tested showed a noticeable lowering of their blood/glucose levels with 50% of them now showing a significant overall reduction.
Patients who had previously reached or crossed the standard diabetic threshold levels were also found to have lower Blood/Glucose levels, but their test results did not produce the same magnitude of reduction as the patients in the Pre-Diabetic stage. Within this group such patients showed an average glucose reduction of 18%
The action of Chromium/Insulin combines with Nicotinic Acid/Amino Acid to form the glucose tolerance factor. Chromium may also improve lipid metabolism by effecting Lipoprotein lipase activity and nucleic acid metabolism by affecting the integrity of nuclear strands.
Chromium is found in certain foods mainly Red Meat (beef), Brewers Yeast, Nuts, Dairy Products, Vegetables and Wheat-Meal Cereals but in insufficient quantity to achieve this same level of Blood Glucose reduction. The lack of Chromium in the body may also give concern to many pre-diabetic symptoms notably tiredness, numbness and/or tingling in the hands and/or feet as well as influencing impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycaemia.
Simple sugars are known to reduce the level of Chromium in the human body and persons over the age of 40 years are on average known to have an overall body net Chromium loss of 1 micro gm/day.
The average adult has between 5.2 to 10.4 micro gm of Chromium present in the body.
Chromium Levels in the human body appear to relate to Diet & Lifestyle
European and N. American 6.0 mg
African Natives 7.45 mg
Middle Eastern 11.8 mg
Far Eastern 12.5 mg
People with higher Chromium levels show they are statistically less likely to have diabetes and/or heart disease. Levels of Chromium in the body decline with age.
The body take-up of Chromium is generally very poor only 3-10% however when it is incorporated in yeast the Chromium absorption is increased to 10-25%
The excretion of Chromium in faeces and urine is up to 10 micro gm daily. Some form of Insulin resistance will develop in 25% of adults over 40 years old. People aged 75 have on average half the level of Chromium in their body that they had in their youth.
Yeast contains Chromium as glucose tolerance factor (GTF) 50 x more effective than other forms of Chromium and Yeast is 20 x more readily absorbed. The GTF from Yeast is 10 x more effective than Chromium absorbed from foods such as Liver, Wheat Germ and Sea foods.
Best Food Sources of Chromium (Micro gm/100 gm of the food Source)
Egg Yoke 183 micro gm
Molasses 121 micro gm
Dried Brewer's Yeast 117 micro gm
Beef 57 micro gm
Hard Cheese 56 micro gm
Liver 55 micro gm
Fruit Juices 47 micro gm
Wholemeal Bread 42 micro gm
Bran 38 micro gm
Alcoholic Drinks 30 micro gm
Cereals 30 micro gm
Honey 29 micro gm
Wheat Germ 23 micro gm
Fruit 10 micro gm
Chromium is known to function as the Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF)
It controls the blood glucose Update in Muscles and Organs.
It stimulates the burning of glucose for energy.
It controls the Blood Cholesterol level and reduces total Cholesterol levels in the blood.
It increases HDL Cholesterol. (Good Cholesterol)
It lowers LDL Cholesterol. (Bad Cholesterol)
It reduces Triglyceride levels.
It reduces Arteriosclerosis.
It helps prevent Insulin resistance.
It stimulates Protein Synthesis.
It stimulates the production of essential nerve substances.
It increases the resistance to infection.
It suppresses the hunger symptoms through brain 'Satiety Centre'
There are no recommended daily intakes for Chromium (RDA) but the US Food and Nutritional Board suggests a safe and adequate range of 50-200 micro gm daily. This level is dependant on age bearing in mind that the body’s net Chromium loss increases with age.
Chromium supplements effect Blood/Glucose - Consult with your GP before use