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It is not just sugar that increase blood glucose. Nearly all carbohydrate is converted to glucose soon after you eat it. So when looking at food labels, look at the amount of carbohydrate it contains. Essentially all the white foods increase blood glucose (bread, pasta, biscuits, cereals, rice...

This means that you are still making a lot of your own insulin. If you weren't making any insulin, you would have ketones within a day of not taking insulin. Be aware that by not taking your insulin you are shooting yourself in the foot. High blood glucose, which occurs when you don't take...

A panel 5 antibodies should be tested for at diagnosis. Of T1s, 80% are positive for ICA, 50% for IAA, 70% for GADA, 60% IA-A2 and up to 80% for ZNT8A at diagnosis. Over 98% of T1s will be positive for one or more of these antibodies at diagnosis. The level of these antibodies declines with...

It sounds like T1 or LADA (adult onset T1). But it could be T2, in which case different treatment would work. If it is T1, Metformin doesn't help and you can stop it. The only way to tell the difference is with an antibody test. It tests for antibodies the immune system creates when it attacks...

To get good results you really need to figure out the basal rates and adjust them until your blood sugar stays in the target range in the absence of food. The same approach is required with MDI, except using different insulins and different dosages during the day may be necessary. Don't expect...

Get a loan pump from a supplier or someone who has a spare pump. You will also need cartridges ans infusion sets.

No, there is no science behind the demonisation of fat. It is all money driven, by the processed food industry. e don't need more time to establish if fat is safe. All the evidence is there already. As long as there is money to be made from processed food, the fat phobia myth will be perpetuated.

The HumaPen Memoir insulin pen records time and dose. It is a reusable pen, so you will need to get your insulin in cartridges.

I use Actrapid so that I have adequate basal insulin action to keep blood glucose down in the morning. That is why I inject Actrapid at the same time as I inject Lantus, when I get up. Actrapid starts working in 45 minutes. Lantus starts working after about 6 hours. If I inject Lantus in the...

Patients are often started on mixed insulin because they are still making much of their own insulin. But I agree, basal/bolus from the start makes more sense. You are still able to manage your blood glucose across the 24 hour cycle with mixed insulin, though. You can reduce your morning levels...

A meter with Bluetooth will do what you want. Readings are sent to a phone app on which you enter other details. I use a CareSens Dual metre which can be used in this way but I don't bother. I analyse all these details in real time. :bored:

Watch your blood glucose closely and don't allow it to spike. The autoimmune attack starts the process but excess glucose kills most beta cells. A neighbour diagnosed T1 18 years ago still makes much of his own insulin. He uses my old pump so he can suspend it during exercise. He preserved his...

If it is T1 diabetes, you will still be able to eat normally and dose insulin accordingly. Reducing carbs makes it easier but you can decide how far you want to go with that. T2 requires more adaptation, but getting used to the new normal is very doable. Having drinks with friends and...

GPs are generally not able to help much with control. For me the first 15 years of having T1 was easy, probably because I was still making some of my own insulin. Control then became increasingly difficult, and the problem crept up on me. GPs were never helpful and when HBA1c got up to 8% I...

If blood glucose is in fact high, the first step is to identify what type of diabetes it is. They do this with an antibody test. If the result is positive it is type one or more likely LADA (the adult onset subtype). With Type 1 blood glucose can only be lowered to near normal levels with...

Simply drinking water usually fixes my cramps. They also happen at night, often after an active day during which I didn't drink enough. Coffee, being a diuretic, could have a similar effect.

If those tests are HBA1c in mmol/mol, yes, you need to get medical attention ASAP. You could be on the verge of ketoacidosis, which can be fatal if not attended to. Only insulin stops it. Go to the A&E.

So you were diagnosed T1. Are you using enough insulin?

While for most children there is a quick onset of symptoms, it takes much longer with adult onset. The actual autoimmune attack starts years earlier, but there are enough beta cells for blood glucose to remain normal for a long time. Details vary and your onset is not unusual. Welcome to the...

Interesting, but those TIR results are not verfy impressive. I do better on MDI and no worse than when I used a pump. The main problem is that people struggling with MDI often are not using it properly.