Fat should not affect the efficiency of insulin.
Typically, it delays the digestion of carbs.
High carb, high fat meals such as pizza (and curry) are renowned to be challenging to calculate and time insulin doses for this reason.
How did you calculate your insulin dose, how long before the pizza did you take it, how long afterwards did you measure your levels, what else were you doing that could affect your levels (exercise, stress, etc.)?
These are all things to consider. Olive oil is unlikely to be the reason for going higher than you expect.